What Is Fungal Sinusitis?

November 17, 2022

Sinusitis, or the inflammation of the sinuses, is a common condition that has many different presentations. This includes fungal sinusitis, which may be non-invasive (where the fungus stays put in the areas of the sinuses) or invasive (where the fungus spreads to nearby tissues and does not stay put in the sinuses).


Let’s look a little more closely at what fungal sinusitis is, the difference between bacterial and fungal sinusitis, and how fungal sinusitis is managed.


What Is Fungal Sinusitis?

Fungal sinusitis is a type of infection notable for the presence of a fungus growing within the sinuses. The vast majority of fungal sinusitis is non-invasive and is not life threatening. The most common symptoms of non-invasive fungal sinusitis include nasal congestion, a runny nose, a loss of smell (or a bad odor that lingers in the nose), and pain or pressure felt in the face. For those with a compromised immune system, invasive fungal sinusitis can be life threatening and symptoms might include numbness in the face, swelling of the cheeks or eyelids, and even color changes in the skin (to either pale or black). As with other types of sinusitis, the best treatment is often surgery or a combination of surgery and medical therapy.


What’s the Different Between Bacterial and Fungal Sinusitis?

Of the two types of sinusitis, bacterial is much more common. Both bacterial and fungal sinusitis may require medication or surgery to see a full recovery. 


Fungal sinusitis may cause a severe inflammatory reaction to fungus in the involved sinus.  Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a condition that includes allergy to fungi and nasal polyps. This kind of chronic sinusitis is not invasive but can cause problems to surrounding structures, such as the eyes or skull base.



Some fungal sinusitis is invasive. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis often presents in immunocompromised people and can be life-threatening. Chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is often longer lasting process that sometimes is seen in otherwise healthy individuals.


How Is Fungal Sinusitis Diagnosed?

Nasal endoscopy and CT scan of the sinuses is often required to get more detailed images of the sinuses. A CT scan can be particularly helpful if you are looking for the type of fungal sinusitis that presents itself as a fungal ball or are concerned about invasive disease. Endoscopy can let you get a camera into the nose and sinuses for visual proof of sinusitis. Endoscopic sinus surgery is the most common recommendation for fungal sinusitis. Medication such as corticosteroids and antifungals may be helpful to reduce inflammation from fungal sinusitis. Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis often requires a combination of surgery and antifungal therapy.

 

 

Snot Force Alliance is a group of airway, nose, and sinus professionals who have the same goal: to improve the experience and treatment of their patients. Join us today and become part of our amazing alliance!


September 22, 2026
Inflammatory airway diseases can impact a patient's quality of life. Untreated conditions leave patients struggling to breathe, coughing regularly, and feeling unwell for months at a time. Airway disease management has undergone significant changes in recent years. Treating airway diseases has become increasingly complex, despite improvements in methodologies and technologies. In rural and underserved regions, many patients lack access to specialty care. Key Takeaways: Providing high-quality care to patients with airway disease requires collaboration across specialties. It is important to expand rural ENT access and access to multidisciplinary clinics. Clinicians in rural communities can improve patient outcomes through collaborations and with creative solutions that expand airway care. The Need for Multidisciplinary Airway Care Airway diseases affect multiple systems of the body and thus are treated by different types of physicians. Allergists, primary care doctors, pulmonologists, and ENT physicians all play a role in caring for patients with airway conditions. Physicians who can facilitate multidisciplinary care can improve diagnostic accuracy while also helping to ensure better patient outcomes. Challenges in Rural and Underserved Communities Rural ENT access is spotty at best. Many rural areas lack specialty physicians and often, patients must travel long distances to tertiary medical centers where they receive care. As a result, patients with limited transportation options may experience delays in diagnosis and care. Sometimes, these specialty care disparities can leave primary care providers to manage complex airway conditions on their own. In areas where insurance coverage is limited, and referral networks are fragmented, patients may struggle with their conditions without treatment at all. The Consequences of These Limitations Delays in diagnosis and treatment mean poor management of chronic conditions and increased reliance on treatment from acute care settings. Under this system, patients become frustrated as they lean on ineffective treatment methods. Methods for Expanding Access There are many methods for expanding access to patients in rural and underserved areas. Telehealth Airway Care The use of telehealth treatment has significantly expanded in recent years. With telehealth tools, hybrid care models combine in-person and virtual visits. This same technology also connects doctors, bringing together specialists and community clinicians. Regional Centers of Excellence Multidisciplinary airway centers have proven effective for helping patients access specialty care. Airway centers make it easier to streamline referrals in complex cases. These airway centers can serve larger geographic areas by setting up outreach clinics in surrounding communities. Collaborative Networks Partnerships and collaborations between physicians are key to ensuring that primary care providers in underserved areas have access to resources and information. Supporting Rural Physicians There are many ways to support rural physicians. Snot Force has committed to build networks for physicians, helping to ensure the dissemination of information across specialties and practice settings. We facilitate collaboration between disciplines to promote innovation in care for underserved communities. We're bringing doctors together to break down specialty care disparities and improve rural ENT access and information. Our research collaborative depends on many medical professionals to participate, and we're always looking for more physicians to join the force. To learn more, contact Snot Force today .
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